Hypervigilance (being “on guard at all times”)
Hyperactivity
Exaggerated emotional and startle responses
Abrupt mood swings (rage reactions or temper tantrums, frequent anger, or crying)
Shame and lack of self-worth
Reduced ability to deal with stress (easily and frequently stressed out)
Panic attacks, anxiety, phobias
Avoidance behaviors (overeating, drinking, smoking, etc)
Exaggerated or diminished sexual activity
Inability to love, nurture, or bond with other individuals
Fear of dying or having a shortened life
Loss of sustaining beliefs (spiritual, religious, interpersonal)
Excessive shyness
Inability to make emotional commitments
Depression and feelings of impending doom
The above are some of the major symptoms of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Not everyone who experiences these symptoms has PTSD, but holding stress chronically within our bodies can produce such symptoms. Each symptom can be indicative of stress and not necessarily indiciative of PTSD. A combination of these symptoms, however, is a recipe for dis-ease in our lives.
Given the atmosphere in which many gay men have been raised, it is no surprise that we may demonstrate such symptoms. In our youth gay men often ‘hide’ for a number of years before “coming out”, fearful of being “found out”, fear of being harmed by ridicule, rejection, abandonment, and bullying. We often have learned to be “hypervigilant” about our surroundings, people’s responses and reactions to us, and what we say or do that may reveal our sexual orientation. Given the fact that many gay children are the objects of bullying by peers and authority figures, it is no wonder that we may become hypervigilant and subject to mood swings or find ourselves excessively shy or excessively active (“the perfect boy” in academics and/or sports), bordering on hyperactivity. Many of us have used avoidance behaviors as a way to protect ourselves, e.g. use of alcohol and other drugs, indiscriminant sex. How many of us have not experienced chronic depression, and considered the possiblity of suicide?
We may take everything that is said to us as potential fodder for humilitation and rejection. We may become anxious and fearful around establishing emotional bonds with other men because of a fear of rejection. We may become excessively shy, avoid making emotional commitments, become hyper sexual. We may also become numb to sex entirely, and not just numb to our bodily sensations in general. We can become “rigid’ in holding our emotions, our bodies, our beliefs, and our attitudes toward others. Lastly, we may be so “stressed out” by shame, armoring ourselves, and come to believe that “the best defense is a good offense.” Hence, sarcasm and ‘bitchiness’. We may fear commitment so much that we shy away from anyone who says “I love you” or become super efficient as “care takers” resulting in being abused and used by others, taken advantaged of, and subsquently “dumped”.
Or, we become “gym rats” and hyper “straight-acting”, armoring our bodies and minds as much as we can to deflect anyone getting emotionally close to us. We create the illusion of machismo. We become hyper about being seen as vulnerable in any way, shape, or form. Why? Because we have been taught that to be vulnerable is to open ourselves to harm and perhaps death. Some, if not many of us, change who we are so that we are found acceptable, either to other gay men or to the straight world. We may seek to prove our worth by climbing the corporate ladder, find the most desireable man as a boyfriend or partner, accrue money and prestige. We fundamentally experience ourselves as unloveable for simply who we are. We find ourselves having to give proof of our worthiness to exist.
Is it any surprise that many gay men face such symptoms, or that it is a struggle not to get stuck in them? Finding safety to explore these layered issues can be difficult, even within a therapist’s office, let alone in one’s family of origin, or even within the so-called “gay community” where intolerance for anyone different from the majority is common.
How can a man resolve these ‘symptoms’, these patterns that have become so ingrained in me? How do I address them effectively and shed them?
We can engage in a variety of methods by using such approaches as those suggested by Peter A. Levine (expert on trauma), Co-Counseling techniques and theory, Hypnotherapy and NeuroLinguistic Programming, Zen Meditation, and Tantra bodywork. A man can “discharge” or “release” emotional armoring effectively and thoroughly, and experience his natural self, using such methods or a combination of them. “Body sensations, rather than intense emotion, are the key to healing trauma.” (Peter A. Levin, Healing Trauma, pg 38) Providing a safe environment to allow for bodily discharge and release is essential, thus reclaiming my birthright to live fully in my body.
Trauma and stress are cellular based. That is to say that trauma and stress are held within our bodies. Safety is provided best in the presence of another person. The presence of a competent other allows us to feel safe so that we may better give ourselves permission to make this ‘inner journey’ into the unknown within our bodies, and become free of the trauma or stress, becoming more fully ‘self-aware’.
Safety is about setting boundaries. This is how Peter A. Levin states it so succinctly and clearly:
“Before trauma, you are not overwhelmed by your feelings. After trauma,
feelings can be completely overwhelming.
“When you have been traumatized, you’re often unable to feel your own
physical boundaries, because of disconnection from your body. This can
have an impact in other areas of life, such as setting boundaries in relationships,
because it’s impossible to set limits if you have no sense of your own boundaries.
Rebuilding connection is really the key…because trauma is about loss of
connection, first to the body and self, and second to others and the environment.
“The body is the container of all of our sensation and feelings. It is also the
boundary separating us from our environment and from others. This boundary
gets ruptured in trauma so that we often feel raw and unprotected. Skin is our
first line of defense. Then our muscles give us the sense of an ego-boundary
between self and other.”
It is that “rupture” that needs to be repaired and healed so that a person can feel safe and more intact, more whole, alive, and in charge of his life.
Following certain exercises that Levine has gleaned and created from zen and other sources, such as Eugene Gendlin’s body-centered “felt sense” approach, can enable a man to reclaim his life holistically. The techniques include breathwork, self-touch, grounding and centering, using sounds such as ‘vum’ and ‘ah’, dialogue around beliefs, the safe touch by one’s self and eventually by another, and gaining a greater depth of self-awareness. The discharge and release comes when the body shudders, gives its own voice to the release (use of our vocal cords), even uninterrupted yawning, laughter, or crying. Building up personal resiliency is the result, gaining self-awareness and self-worth, developing the skills to set healthy (pliable and assertive) physical and emotional boundaries.
It is this approach that I take in my coaching with men, particularly with men who identify having experienced trauma in their lives. It is the same approach I use with many men who identify an inability to connect deeply with themselves sexually. Our society in which we live is stress inducing, sex-negative, and highly judgmental about masculinity and maleness. Often the way men respond to such a layered bombardment is to armor ourselves against it. However, in armoring ourselves, we simply suppress all that is natural to us, and that certainly is not healthy. It produces dis-ease rather than ease in living authentically.
Often we are ready to pursue such a freeing life when we enter the middle stage of adulthood, around 40 or older. Till then we simply lack the expereince, the ego strength, the willingness to set our own course in life rather than follow the dictates of others or society. It is this time in life that is such a stupendous opportunity to live in self-love and freedom simply “to be me.”